Music Directors and Composers
Every task in this role, whether it passes the census's structural hand-over screen, which models pass it, and why. It is a screen, not a claim about what AI can do: a task can pass and still be beyond the systems of the day. The stricter and looser rules re-vote every task, and small differences between roles are noise.
Passes the screen · 2 of 30 tasks
Transpose music from one voice or instrument to another to accommodate particular musicians.
quick to check, an existing check settles it, and a mistake is cheap · 4.1% of the role's time · $40.4M · passed by Claude Sonnet, Gemini 3.1 Pro · the models disagreed
Copy parts from scores for individual performers.
quick to check, an existing check settles it, and a mistake is cheap · 2.3% of the role's time · $22.7M · all three pass it
Does not pass
Apply elements of music theory to create musical and tonal structures, including harmonies and melodies.
reason given most often: no existing check settles it · 7.3% of the role's time · $70.7M · waiting on a check
Experiment with different sounds, and types and pieces of music, using synthesizers and computers as necessary to test and evaluate ideas.
reason given most often: no existing check settles it · 6.6% of the role's time · $64.7M · waiting on a check
Use gestures to shape the music being played, communicating desired tempo, phrasing, tone, color, pitch, volume, and other performance aspects.
physical work, outside the screen · 6.4% of the role's time · $62.3M
Determine voices, instruments, harmonic structures, rhythms, tempos, and tone balances required to achieve the effects desired in a musical composition.
reason given most often: no existing check settles it · 6.1% of the role's time · $59.1M · waiting on a check
Transcribe ideas for musical compositions into musical notation, using instruments, pen and paper, or computers.
reason given most often: no existing check settles it · 6.0% of the role's time · $58.9M · waiting on a check
Direct groups at rehearsals and live or recorded performances to achieve desired effects such as tonal and harmonic balance dynamics, rhythm, and tempo.
physical work, outside the screen · 5.0% of the role's time · $48.5M
Study scores to learn the music in detail, and to develop interpretations.
reason given most often: no existing check settles it · 4.7% of the role's time · $45.5M
Consider such factors as ensemble size and abilities, availability of scores, and the need for musical variety, to select music to be performed.
reason given most often: nobody can tell quickly whether it worked, and no existing check settles it · 4.1% of the role's time · $40.1M
Fill in details of orchestral sketches, such as adding vocal parts to scores.
reason given most often: no existing check settles it · 4.0% of the role's time · $39.3M · waiting on a check
Explore and develop musical ideas based on sources such as imagination or sounds in the environment.
reason given most often: no existing check settles it · 3.8% of the role's time · $37.0M
Write musical scores for orchestras, bands, choral groups, or individual instrumentalists or vocalists, using knowledge of music theory and of instrumental and vocal capabilities.
reason given most often: no existing check settles it · 3.7% of the role's time · $36.2M
Perform administrative tasks such as applying for grants, developing budgets, negotiating contracts, and designing and printing programs and other promotional materials.
reason given most often: nobody can tell quickly whether it worked, and no existing check settles it · 3.1% of the role's time · $30.3M
Position members within groups to obtain balance among instrumental or vocal sections.
physical work, outside the screen · 3.1% of the role's time · $29.9M
Produce recordings of music.
physical work, outside the screen · 3.0% of the role's time · $29.2M
Stay abreast of the latest trends in music and music technology.
reason given most often: nobody can tell quickly whether it worked, and no existing check settles it · 3.0% of the role's time · $29.2M
Plan and schedule rehearsals and performances, and arrange details such as locations, accompanists, and instrumentalists.
reason given most often: nobody can tell quickly whether it worked, and no existing check settles it · 2.9% of the role's time · $28.5M
Confer with producers and directors to define the nature and placement of film or television music.
reason given most often: no existing check settles it · 2.9% of the role's time · $28.4M
Rewrite original musical scores in different musical styles by changing rhythms, harmonies, or tempos.
reason given most often: no existing check settles it · 2.9% of the role's time · $28.1M · waiting on a check
Arrange music composed by others, changing the music to achieve desired effects.
reason given most often: no existing check settles it · 2.5% of the role's time · $24.4M · waiting on a check
Write music for commercial mediums, including advertising jingles or film soundtracks.
reason given most often: nobody can tell quickly whether it worked, and no existing check settles it · 2.2% of the role's time · $21.5M
Create original musical forms, or write within circumscribed musical forms such as sonatas, symphonies, or operas.
reason given most often: nobody can tell quickly whether it worked, and no existing check settles it · 2.1% of the role's time · $20.5M
Assign and review staff work in such areas as scoring, arranging, and copying music, and vocal coaching.
an accountable sign-off — stays with a person · 1.8% of the role's time · $17.2M
Study films or scripts to determine how musical scores can be used to create desired effects or moods.
reason given most often: no existing check settles it · 1.5% of the role's time · $14.2M
Collaborate with other colleagues, such as copyists, to complete final scores.
reason given most often: no existing check settles it · 1.3% of the role's time · $12.3M · waiting on a check
Meet with soloists and concertmasters to discuss and prepare for performances.
reason given most often: nobody can tell quickly whether it worked, and no existing check settles it · 1.1% of the role's time · $10.7M
Audition and select performers for musical presentations.
reason given most often: nobody can tell quickly whether it worked, and no existing check settles it · 0.9% of the role's time · $9.0M
Transcribe musical compositions and melodic lines to adapt them to a particular group, or to create a particular musical style.
reason given most often: no existing check settles it · 0.9% of the role's time · $9.0M · waiting on a check
Coordinate and organize tours, or hire touring companies to arrange concert dates, venues, accommodations, and transportation for longer tours.
reason given most often: nobody can tell quickly whether it worked, and no existing check settles it · 0.7% of the role's time · $6.8M
Where this role works
| Industry | Workers | Wage bill | Passes the screen | All three pass |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Performing Arts Companies | 4550 | $431M | $27.9M | $10.1M |
| Religious Organizations | 3280 | $260M | $16.8M | $6.1M |
| Sound Recording Industries | 880 | $72.3M | $4.7M | $1.7M |
| Elementary and Secondary Schools | 870 | $59.3M | $3.8M | $1.4M |
| Other Schools and Instruction | 790 | $53.5M | $3.5M | $1.2M |
| Colleges, Universities, and Professional Schools | 480 | $31.3M | $2.0M | $729k |
| Civic and Social Organizations | 220 | $18.2M | $1.2M | $424k |
| Motion Picture and Video Industries | 190 | $16.0M | $1.0M | $373k |
| Promoters of Performing Arts, Sports, and Similar Events | 180 | $15.2M | $981k | $353k |
| Junior Colleges | 80 | $5.7M | $367k | $132k |