Computer Occupations, All Other
Every task in this role, whether it passes the census's structural hand-over screen, which models pass it, and why. It is a screen, not a claim about what AI can do: a task can pass and still be beyond the systems of the day. The stricter and looser rules re-vote every task, and small differences between roles are noise.
Passes the screen · 10 of 215 tasks
Maintain or modify existing Geographic Information Systems (GIS) databases.
quick to check, an existing check settles it, and a mistake is cheap · 0.7% of the role's time · $372M · all three pass it
Review or update Web page content or links in a timely manner, using appropriate tools.
quick to check, an existing check settles it, and a mistake is cheap · 0.7% of the role's time · $333M · passed by Claude Sonnet, Gemini 3.1 Pro · the models disagreed
Determine specifications for, or implement, logging.
quick to check, an existing check settles it, and a mistake is cheap · 0.7% of the role's time · $331M · passed by Claude Sonnet, Gemini 3.1 Pro · the models disagreed
Run infrastructure tests to examine the behavior of large peer-to-peer networks.
quick to check, an existing check settles it, and a mistake is cheap · 0.7% of the role's time · $331M · all three pass it
Enter data into Geographic Information Systems (GIS) databases, using techniques such as coordinate geometry, keyboard entry of tabular data, manual digitizing of maps, scanning or automatic conversion to vectors, or conversion of other sources of digital data.
quick to check, an existing check settles it, and a mistake is cheap · 0.6% of the role's time · $314M · all three pass it
Write and execute scripts to automate tasks, such as parsing large data files.
quick to check, an existing check settles it, and a mistake is cheap · 0.6% of the role's time · $281M · passed by Claude Sonnet, Gemini 3.1 Pro · the models disagreed
Create, analyze, report, convert, or transfer data, using specialized applications program software.
quick to check, an existing check settles it, and a mistake is cheap · 0.4% of the role's time · $209M · passed by Claude Sonnet, Gemini 3.1 Pro · the models disagreed
Research, test, or verify proper functioning of software patches and fixes.
quick to check, an existing check settles it, and a mistake is cheap · 0.3% of the role's time · $143M · passed by Claude Sonnet, Gemini 3.1 Pro · the models disagreed
Set up or maintain monitoring tools on Web servers or Web sites.
quick to check, an existing check settles it, and a mistake is cheap · 0.2% of the role's time · $117M · passed by Claude Sonnet, Gemini 3.1 Pro · the models disagreed
Transfer or rescale information from original photographs onto maps or other photographs.
quick to check, an existing check settles it, and a mistake is cheap · 0.2% of the role's time · $89.1M · passed by Claude Sonnet, Gemini 3.1 Pro · the models disagreed
Does not pass
Coordinate monitoring of networks or systems for security breaches or intrusions.
reason given most often: nobody can tell quickly whether it worked, and no existing check settles it, and a failure is too expensive · 1.0% of the role's time · $522M
Identify and classify documents or other electronic content according to characteristics such as security level, function, and metadata.
reason given most often: no existing check settles it, and a failure is too expensive · 1.0% of the role's time · $496M
Produce data layers, maps, tables, or reports, using spatial analysis procedures or Geographic Information Systems (GIS) technology, equipment, or systems.
reason given most often: no existing check settles it · 0.9% of the role's time · $463M · waiting on a check
Monitor systems for intrusions or denial of service attacks, and report security breaches to appropriate personnel.
reason given most often: no existing check settles it, and a failure is too expensive · 0.9% of the role's time · $446M
Monitor system operation to detect potential problems.
reason given most often: no existing check settles it · 0.9% of the role's time · $443M
Direct the analysis, development, and operation of complete computer systems.
reason given most often: nobody can tell quickly whether it worked, and no existing check settles it, and a failure is too expensive · 0.9% of the role's time · $436M
Communicate with staff or clients to understand specific system requirements.
reason given most often: no existing check settles it · 0.8% of the role's time · $418M
Manage project execution to ensure adherence to budget, schedule, and scope.
reason given most often: nobody can tell quickly whether it worked, and no existing check settles it, and a failure is too expensive · 0.8% of the role's time · $395M
Assess the quality of security controls, using performance indicators.
reason given most often: nobody can tell quickly whether it worked, and no existing check settles it, and a failure is too expensive · 0.8% of the role's time · $385M
Troubleshoot security and network problems.
reason given most often: a failure is too expensive · 0.8% of the role's time · $381M
Confer with project personnel to identify and resolve problems.
reason given most often: nobody can tell quickly whether it worked, and no existing check settles it · 0.7% of the role's time · $373M
Determine sources of Web page or server problems, and take action to correct such problems.
reason given most often: nobody can tell quickly whether it worked, and no existing check settles it, and a failure is too expensive · 0.7% of the role's time · $366M · passed by Claude Sonnet · the models disagreed
Design or prepare graphic representations of Geographic Information Systems (GIS) data, using GIS hardware or software applications.
reason given most often: no existing check settles it · 0.7% of the role's time · $358M · waiting on a check
Retrieve electronic assets from repository for distribution to users, collecting and returning to repository, if necessary.
physical work, outside the screen · 0.7% of the role's time · $356M
Schedule and facilitate meetings related to information technology projects.
reason given most often: no existing check settles it · 0.7% of the role's time · $355M · waiting on a check
Direct the installation of operating systems, network or application software, or computer or network hardware.
reason given most often: a failure is too expensive · 0.7% of the role's time · $350M · passed by Claude Sonnet · the models disagreed
Direct or coordinate activities of project personnel.
reason given most often: nobody can tell quickly whether it worked, and no existing check settles it, and a failure is too expensive · 0.7% of the role's time · $350M
Search electronic sources, such as databases or repositories, or manual sources for information.
reason given most often: no existing check settles it · 0.7% of the role's time · $333M · waiting on a check
Identify or implement solutions to information security problems.
reason given most often: a failure is too expensive · 0.7% of the role's time · $332M
Assess blockchain threats, such as untested code and unprotected keys.
reason given most often: no existing check settles it, and a failure is too expensive · 0.7% of the role's time · $331M
Automate the deployment of software updates over geographically distributed network nodes.
reason given most often: a failure is too expensive · 0.7% of the role's time · $331M · passed by Claude Sonnet · the models disagreed
Design and deploy blockchain design patterns to make transactions secure, transparent, and immutable.
reason given most often: nobody can tell quickly whether it worked, and no existing check settles it, and a failure is too expensive · 0.7% of the role's time · $331M
Design and develop blockchain technologies for industries such as finance and music.
reason given most often: nobody can tell quickly whether it worked, and no existing check settles it, and a failure is too expensive · 0.7% of the role's time · $331M
Design and implement dashboard and data visualizations to meet customer reporting needs.
reason given most often: no existing check settles it · 0.7% of the role's time · $331M
Design and implement data repositories to integrate data.
reason given most often: nobody can tell quickly whether it worked · 0.7% of the role's time · $331M · passed by Gemini 3.1 Pro · the models disagreed
Design and verify cryptographic protocols to protect private information.
reason given most often: no existing check settles it, and a failure is too expensive · 0.7% of the role's time · $331M
Develop a maintainable code base using object-oriented design principles, practices, or patterns.
reason given most often: no existing check settles it · 0.7% of the role's time · $331M · waiting on a check
Discuss and plan systems with solution architects, system engineers, or cybersecurity experts to meet customer requirements.
reason given most often: nobody can tell quickly whether it worked, and no existing check settles it · 0.7% of the role's time · $331M
Discuss data needs with engineers, product managers, or data scientists to identify blockchain requirements.
reason given most often: no existing check settles it · 0.7% of the role's time · $331M
Evaluate blockchain processes or risks based on security assessments or control matrix reviews.
reason given most often: no existing check settles it, and a failure is too expensive · 0.7% of the role's time · $331M
Evaluate new blockchain technologies and vendor products.
reason given most often: nobody can tell quickly whether it worked, and no existing check settles it, and a failure is too expensive · 0.7% of the role's time · $331M
Implement catastrophic failure handlers to identify security breaches and prevent serious damage.
reason given most often: a failure is too expensive · 0.7% of the role's time · $331M
Test the security and performance of blockchain infrastructures.
reason given most often: a failure is too expensive · 0.7% of the role's time · $331M · passed by Claude Sonnet · the models disagreed
Update client and server applications responsible for integration and business logic.
physical work, outside the screen · 0.7% of the role's time · $331M
Develop, document, or maintain standards, best practices, or system usage procedures.
reason given most often: nobody can tell quickly whether it worked, and no existing check settles it · 0.6% of the role's time · $326M
Monitor regulatory activity to maintain compliance with records and document management laws.
reason given most often: nobody can tell quickly whether it worked, and no existing check settles it, and a failure is too expensive · 0.6% of the role's time · $323M
Assist in determining document management policies to facilitate efficient, legal, and secure access to electronic content.
reason given most often: nobody can tell quickly whether it worked, and no existing check settles it · 0.6% of the role's time · $318M
Oversee development of plans to safeguard computer files against accidental or unauthorized modification, destruction, or disclosure or to meet emergency data processing needs.
reason given most often: nobody can tell quickly whether it worked, and no existing check settles it, and a failure is too expensive · 0.6% of the role's time · $316M
Prepare and record changes to official documents and confirm changes with legal and compliance management staff, including enterprise-wide records management staff.
reason given most often: no existing check settles it · 0.6% of the role's time · $312M
Identify security system weaknesses, using penetration tests.
reason given most often: a failure is too expensive · 0.6% of the role's time · $310M
Investigate system component suitability for specified purposes, and make recommendations regarding component use.
reason given most often: nobody can tell quickly whether it worked, and no existing check settles it · 0.6% of the role's time · $308M
Assess current or future customer needs and priorities by communicating directly with customers, conducting surveys, or other methods.
reason given most often: nobody can tell quickly whether it worked, and no existing check settles it · 0.6% of the role's time · $306M
Recommend information security enhancements to management.
reason given most often: nobody can tell quickly whether it worked, and no existing check settles it, and a failure is too expensive · 0.6% of the role's time · $305M
Perform computer programming, data analysis, or software development for Geographic Information Systems (GIS) applications, including the maintenance of existing systems or research and development for future enhancements.
reason given most often: no existing check settles it, and a failure is too expensive · 0.6% of the role's time · $301M
Keep abreast of developments in document management technologies and techniques by reviewing current literature, talking with colleagues, participating in educational programs, attending meetings or workshops, or participating in professional organizations or conferences.
reason given most often: nobody can tell quickly whether it worked, and no existing check settles it · 0.6% of the role's time · $301M
Monitor or track project milestones and deliverables.
reason given most often: nobody can tell quickly whether it worked · 0.6% of the role's time · $301M
Correct testing-identified problems, or recommend actions for their resolution.
reason given most often: no existing check settles it · 0.6% of the role's time · $297M · passed by Claude Sonnet · the models disagreed
Exercise security surveillance over document processing, reproduction, distribution, storage, or archiving.
reason given most often: nobody can tell quickly whether it worked, and no existing check settles it · 0.6% of the role's time · $290M
Coordinate documentation of computer security or emergency measure policies, procedures, or tests.
reason given most often: nobody can tell quickly whether it worked, and no existing check settles it · 0.6% of the role's time · $287M
Provide customers or installation teams guidelines for implementing secure systems.
reason given most often: nobody can tell quickly whether it worked, and no existing check settles it · 0.6% of the role's time · $286M
Provide technical guidance or support for the development or troubleshooting of systems.
reason given most often: no existing check settles it · 0.6% of the role's time · $285M · waiting on a check
Adhere to legal policies and procedures related to handling digital media.
reason given most often: no existing check settles it · 0.6% of the role's time · $281M
Analyze log files or other digital information to identify the perpetrators of network intrusions.
reason given most often: nobody can tell quickly whether it worked, and no existing check settles it, and a failure is too expensive · 0.6% of the role's time · $281M
Conduct predictive or reactive analyses on security measures to support cyber security initiatives.
reason given most often: nobody can tell quickly whether it worked, and no existing check settles it · 0.6% of the role's time · $281M
Create system images or capture network settings from information technology environments to preserve as evidence.
reason given most often: a failure is too expensive · 0.6% of the role's time · $281M
Develop plans for investigating alleged computer crimes, violations, or suspicious activity.
reason given most often: nobody can tell quickly whether it worked, and no existing check settles it, and a failure is too expensive · 0.6% of the role's time · $281M
Develop policies or requirements for data collection, processing, or reporting.
reason given most often: nobody can tell quickly whether it worked, and no existing check settles it · 0.6% of the role's time · $281M
Duplicate digital evidence to use for data recovery and analysis procedures.
reason given most often: a failure is too expensive · 0.6% of the role's time · $281M
Identify or develop reverse-engineering tools to improve system capabilities or detect vulnerabilities.
reason given most often: nobody can tell quickly whether it worked, and no existing check settles it · 0.6% of the role's time · $281M
Maintain cyber defense software or hardware to support responses to cyber incidents.
physical work, outside the screen · 0.6% of the role's time · $281M
Maintain knowledge of laws, regulations, policies or other issuances pertaining to digital forensics or information privacy.
reason given most often: no existing check settles it · 0.6% of the role's time · $281M
Perform file signature analysis to verify files on storage media or discover potential hidden files.
reason given most often: a failure is too expensive · 0.6% of the role's time · $281M · passed by Claude Sonnet · the models disagreed
Perform forensic investigations of operating or file systems.
reason given most often: nobody can tell quickly whether it worked, and no existing check settles it, and a failure is too expensive · 0.6% of the role's time · $281M
Perform web service network traffic analysis or waveform analysis to detect anomalies, such as unusual events or trends.
reason given most often: no existing check settles it · 0.6% of the role's time · $281M
Preserve and maintain digital forensic evidence for analysis.
reason given most often: a failure is too expensive · 0.6% of the role's time · $281M
Recommend cyber defense software or hardware to support responses to cyber incidents.
reason given most often: nobody can tell quickly whether it worked, and no existing check settles it · 0.6% of the role's time · $281M
Recover data or decrypt seized data.
reason given most often: a failure is too expensive · 0.6% of the role's time · $281M
Write cyber defense recommendations, reports, or white papers using research or experience.
reason given most often: nobody can tell quickly whether it worked, and no existing check settles it · 0.6% of the role's time · $281M
Write reports, sign affidavits, or give depositions for legal proceedings.
an accountable sign-off — stays with a person · 0.6% of the role's time · $281M
Write technical summaries to report findings.
reason given most often: no existing check settles it · 0.6% of the role's time · $281M · waiting on a check
Operate data capture technology to import digitized documents into document management system.
physical work, outside the screen · 0.6% of the role's time · $279M
Coordinate vulnerability assessments or analysis of information security systems.
reason given most often: nobody can tell quickly whether it worked, and no existing check settles it, and a failure is too expensive · 0.5% of the role's time · $277M
Assist in the development of document or content classification taxonomies to facilitate information capture, search, and retrieval.
reason given most often: nobody can tell quickly whether it worked, and no existing check settles it · 0.5% of the role's time · $276M
Verify stability, interoperability, portability, security, or scalability of system architecture.
reason given most often: nobody can tell quickly whether it worked, and no existing check settles it, and a failure is too expensive · 0.5% of the role's time · $275M
Conduct needs assessments to identify document management requirements of departments or end users.
reason given most often: nobody can tell quickly whether it worked, and no existing check settles it · 0.5% of the role's time · $275M
Scan networks, using vulnerability assessment tools to identify vulnerabilities.
reason given most often: a failure is too expensive · 0.5% of the role's time · $271M · passed by Claude Sonnet · the models disagreed
Provide technical expertise in Geographic Information Systems (GIS) technology to clients or users.
reason given most often: no existing check settles it · 0.5% of the role's time · $270M
Initiate, review, or approve modifications to project plans.
an accountable sign-off — stays with a person · 0.5% of the role's time · $270M
Review security assessments for computing environments or check for compliance with cybersecurity standards and regulations.
reason given most often: no existing check settles it, and a failure is too expensive · 0.5% of the role's time · $267M
Provide technical support to computer users for installation and use of security products.
reason given most often: no existing check settles it · 0.5% of the role's time · $265M
Monitor the performance of project team members, providing and documenting performance feedback.
reason given most often: nobody can tell quickly whether it worked, and no existing check settles it · 0.5% of the role's time · $264M
Prepare project status reports by collecting, analyzing, and summarizing information and trends.
reason given most often: no existing check settles it · 0.5% of the role's time · $264M · waiting on a check
Document application and Web site changes or change procedures.
reason given most often: no existing check settles it · 0.5% of the role's time · $261M · waiting on a check
Conduct investigations of information security breaches to identify vulnerabilities and evaluate the damage.
reason given most often: nobody can tell quickly whether it worked, and no existing check settles it, and a failure is too expensive · 0.5% of the role's time · $259M
Develop and manage work breakdown structure (WBS) of information technology projects.
reason given most often: nobody can tell quickly whether it worked, and no existing check settles it · 0.5% of the role's time · $256M
Develop or update project plans for information technology projects including information such as project objectives, technologies, systems, information specifications, schedules, funding, and staffing.
reason given most often: nobody can tell quickly whether it worked, and no existing check settles it · 0.5% of the role's time · $256M
Assess the physical security of servers, systems, or network devices to identify vulnerability to temperature, vandalism, or natural disasters.
physical work, outside the screen · 0.5% of the role's time · $256M
Collect stakeholder data to evaluate risk and to develop mitigation strategies.
reason given most often: nobody can tell quickly whether it worked, and no existing check settles it, and a failure is too expensive · 0.5% of the role's time · $256M
Conduct network and security system audits, using established criteria.
reason given most often: nobody can tell quickly whether it worked, and no existing check settles it, and a failure is too expensive · 0.5% of the role's time · $256M · passed by Claude Sonnet · the models disagreed
Configure information systems to incorporate principles of least functionality and least access.
reason given most often: a failure is too expensive · 0.5% of the role's time · $256M
Design security solutions to address known device vulnerabilities.
reason given most often: nobody can tell quickly whether it worked, and no existing check settles it, and a failure is too expensive · 0.5% of the role's time · $256M
Develop and execute tests that simulate the techniques of known cyber threat actors.
reason given most often: no existing check settles it · 0.5% of the role's time · $256M · passed by Claude Sonnet · the models disagreed
Develop infiltration tests that exploit device vulnerabilities.
reason given most often: no existing check settles it · 0.5% of the role's time · $256M · passed by Claude Sonnet · the models disagreed
Develop presentations on threat intelligence.
reason given most often: no existing check settles it · 0.5% of the role's time · $256M · waiting on a check
Develop security penetration testing processes, such as wireless, data networks, and telecommunication security tests.
reason given most often: nobody can tell quickly whether it worked, and no existing check settles it · 0.5% of the role's time · $256M
Discuss security solutions with information technology teams or management.
reason given most often: no existing check settles it · 0.5% of the role's time · $256M · waiting on a check
Document penetration test findings.
reason given most often: no existing check settles it · 0.5% of the role's time · $256M · waiting on a check
Evaluate vulnerability assessments of local computing environments, networks, infrastructures, or enclave boundaries.
reason given most often: no existing check settles it · 0.5% of the role's time · $256M
Gather cyber intelligence to identify vulnerabilities.
reason given most often: no existing check settles it · 0.5% of the role's time · $256M
Identify new threat tactics, techniques, or procedures used by cyber threat actors.
reason given most often: nobody can tell quickly whether it worked, and no existing check settles it · 0.5% of the role's time · $256M
Identify security system weaknesses, using penetration tests.
reason given most often: no existing check settles it, and a failure is too expensive · 0.5% of the role's time · $256M · passed by Claude Sonnet · the models disagreed
Investigate security incidents, using computer forensics, network forensics, root cause analysis, or malware analysis.
reason given most often: nobody can tell quickly whether it worked, and no existing check settles it, and a failure is too expensive · 0.5% of the role's time · $256M
Keep up with new penetration testing tools and methods.
reason given most often: nobody can tell quickly whether it worked, and no existing check settles it · 0.5% of the role's time · $256M
Maintain up-to-date knowledge of hacking trends.
reason given most often: nobody can tell quickly whether it worked, and no existing check settles it · 0.5% of the role's time · $256M
Prepare and submit reports describing the results of security fixes.
reason given most often: no existing check settles it · 0.5% of the role's time · $256M · waiting on a check
Test the security of systems by attempting to gain access to networks, Web-based applications, or computers.
reason given most often: a failure is too expensive · 0.5% of the role's time · $256M
Update corporate policies to improve cyber security.
reason given most often: nobody can tell quickly whether it worked, and no existing check settles it, and a failure is too expensive · 0.5% of the role's time · $256M
Write audit reports to communicate technical and procedural findings and recommend solutions.
reason given most often: no existing check settles it · 0.5% of the role's time · $256M
Propose recommendations for improving content management system capabilities.
reason given most often: nobody can tell quickly whether it worked, and no existing check settles it · 0.5% of the role's time · $253M
Identify need for initial or supplemental project resources.
reason given most often: nobody can tell quickly whether it worked, and no existing check settles it · 0.5% of the role's time · $252M
Review existing or incoming data for currency, accuracy, usefulness, quality, or completeness of documentation.
reason given most often: no existing check settles it · 0.5% of the role's time · $252M · waiting on a check
Collaborate with development teams to discuss, analyze, or resolve usability issues.
reason given most often: no existing check settles it · 0.5% of the role's time · $250M
Collaborate with Web developers to create and operate internal and external Web sites, or to manage projects, such as e-marketing campaigns.
reason given most often: nobody can tell quickly whether it worked, and no existing check settles it · 0.5% of the role's time · $247M
Assign duties, responsibilities, and spans of authority to project personnel.
an accountable sign-off — stays with a person · 0.5% of the role's time · $247M
Train staff on, and oversee the use of, information security standards, policies, and best practices.
reason given most often: nobody can tell quickly whether it worked, and no existing check settles it · 0.5% of the role's time · $246M
Gather, analyze, or document user feedback to locate or resolve sources of problems.
reason given most often: no existing check settles it · 0.5% of the role's time · $245M
Develop or implement software tools to assist in the detection, prevention, and analysis of security threats.
reason given most often: nobody can tell quickly whether it worked, and no existing check settles it, and a failure is too expensive · 0.5% of the role's time · $243M
Select cartographic elements needed for effective presentation of information.
reason given most often: no existing check settles it · 0.5% of the role's time · $240M · waiting on a check
Design or coordinate the development of integrated Geographic Information Systems (GIS) spatial or non-spatial databases.
reason given most often: nobody can tell quickly whether it worked, and no existing check settles it · 0.5% of the role's time · $235M
Oversee performance of risk assessment or execution of system tests to ensure the functioning of data processing activities or security measures.
reason given most often: nobody can tell quickly whether it worked, and no existing check settles it, and a failure is too expensive · 0.5% of the role's time · $232M
Submit project deliverables, ensuring adherence to quality standards.
reason given most often: nobody can tell quickly whether it worked, and no existing check settles it · 0.5% of the role's time · $231M
Collaborate with engineers or software developers to select appropriate design solutions or ensure the compatibility of system components.
reason given most often: nobody can tell quickly whether it worked, and no existing check settles it · 0.5% of the role's time · $230M
Consult with end users regarding problems in accessing electronic content.
reason given most often: no existing check settles it · 0.5% of the role's time · $230M · waiting on a check
Configure servers to meet functional specifications.
physical work, outside the screen · 0.5% of the role's time · $229M
Perform risk assessments to develop response strategies.
reason given most often: nobody can tell quickly whether it worked, and no existing check settles it, and a failure is too expensive · 0.4% of the role's time · $226M
Perform geospatial data building, modeling, or analysis, using advanced spatial analysis, data manipulation, or cartography software.
reason given most often: no existing check settles it · 0.4% of the role's time · $226M · waiting on a check
Establish and execute a project communication plan.
reason given most often: nobody can tell quickly whether it worked, and no existing check settles it · 0.4% of the role's time · $226M
Interpret aerial or ortho photographs.
reason given most often: no existing check settles it · 0.4% of the role's time · $222M · waiting on a check
Track, compile, and analyze Web site usage data.
reason given most often: no existing check settles it · 0.4% of the role's time · $222M · passed by Claude Sonnet · the models disagreed · waiting on a check
Identify, review, or select vendors or consultants to meet project needs.
reason given most often: nobody can tell quickly whether it worked, and no existing check settles it · 0.4% of the role's time · $220M
Document technical functions and specifications for new or proposed content management systems.
reason given most often: no existing check settles it · 0.4% of the role's time · $214M · waiting on a check
Develop implementation plans that include analyses such as cost-benefit or return on investment (ROI).
reason given most often: nobody can tell quickly whether it worked, and no existing check settles it, and a failure is too expensive · 0.4% of the role's time · $214M
Develop or install software, such as firewalls and data encryption programs, to protect sensitive information.
reason given most often: nobody can tell quickly whether it worked, and no existing check settles it, and a failure is too expensive · 0.4% of the role's time · $213M
Coordinate recruitment or selection of project personnel.
reason given most often: nobody can tell quickly whether it worked, and no existing check settles it · 0.4% of the role's time · $212M
Negotiate with project stakeholders or suppliers to obtain resources or materials.
reason given most often: nobody can tell quickly whether it worked, and no existing check settles it · 0.4% of the role's time · $208M
Define and analyze objectives, scope, issues, or organizational impact of information systems.
reason given most often: nobody can tell quickly whether it worked, and no existing check settles it, and a failure is too expensive · 0.4% of the role's time · $203M
Identify system data, hardware, or software components required to meet user needs.
reason given most often: nobody can tell quickly whether it worked, and no existing check settles it · 0.4% of the role's time · $199M
Develop and manage annual budgets for information technology projects.
reason given most often: nobody can tell quickly whether it worked, and no existing check settles it, and a failure is too expensive · 0.4% of the role's time · $197M
Perform ongoing hardware and software maintenance operations, including installing or upgrading hardware or software.
physical work, outside the screen · 0.4% of the role's time · $192M
Implement electronic document processing, retrieval, and distribution systems in collaboration with other information technology specialists.
reason given most often: nobody can tell quickly whether it worked, and no existing check settles it · 0.4% of the role's time · $192M
Develop response and recovery strategies for security breaches.
reason given most often: nobody can tell quickly whether it worked, and no existing check settles it, and a failure is too expensive · 0.4% of the role's time · $188M
Provide technical support to users or clients regarding the maintenance, development, or operation of Geographic Information Systems (GIS) databases, equipment, or applications.
reason given most often: no existing check settles it · 0.4% of the role's time · $185M · waiting on a check
Evaluate current or emerging technologies to consider factors such as cost, portability, compatibility, or usability.
reason given most often: no existing check settles it · 0.4% of the role's time · $185M
Evaluate existing systems to determine effectiveness, and suggest changes to meet organizational requirements.
reason given most often: no existing check settles it · 0.4% of the role's time · $184M
Conduct research, data analysis, systems design, or support for software such as Geographic Information Systems (GIS) or Global Positioning Systems (GPS) mapping software.
reason given most often: nobody can tell quickly whether it worked, and no existing check settles it · 0.4% of the role's time · $183M
Read current literature, talk with colleagues, continue education, or participate in professional organizations or conferences to keep abreast of developments in Geographic Information Systems (GIS) technology, equipment, or systems.
reason given most often: nobody can tell quickly whether it worked, and no existing check settles it · 0.4% of the role's time · $183M
Recommend procedures, equipment, or software upgrades to increase data accessibility or ease of use.
reason given most often: nobody can tell quickly whether it worked, and no existing check settles it · 0.4% of the role's time · $183M
Identify or address interoperability requirements.
reason given most often: nobody can tell quickly whether it worked, and no existing check settles it · 0.4% of the role's time · $182M · passed by Gemini 3.1 Pro · the models disagreed
Collect, compile, or integrate Geographic Information Systems (GIS) data, such as remote sensing or cartographic data for inclusion in map manuscripts.
reason given most often: no existing check settles it · 0.4% of the role's time · $180M · passed by Claude Sonnet · the models disagreed · waiting on a check
Perform integrated or computerized Geographic Information Systems (GIS) analyses to address scientific problems.
reason given most often: nobody can tell quickly whether it worked, and no existing check settles it · 0.3% of the role's time · $175M
Design and conduct hardware or software tests.
physical work, outside the screen · 0.3% of the role's time · $174M
Implement scanning or other automated data entry procedures, using imaging devices and document imaging software.
physical work, outside the screen · 0.3% of the role's time · $172M
Monitor Web developments through continuing education, reading, or participation in professional conferences, workshops, or groups.
reason given most often: nobody can tell quickly whether it worked, and no existing check settles it · 0.3% of the role's time · $171M
Provide advice on project costs, design concepts, or design changes.
reason given most often: no existing check settles it · 0.3% of the role's time · $170M
Develop information security standards and best practices.
reason given most often: nobody can tell quickly whether it worked, and no existing check settles it, and a failure is too expensive · 0.3% of the role's time · $169M
Inform Web site users of problems, problem resolutions, or application changes and updates.
reason given most often: no existing check settles it · 0.3% of the role's time · $168M · waiting on a check
Administer document and system access rights and revision control to ensure security of system and integrity of master documents.
reason given most often: a failure is too expensive · 0.3% of the role's time · $168M · passed by Claude Sonnet · the models disagreed
Develop or implement procedures for ongoing Web site revision.
reason given most often: nobody can tell quickly whether it worked, and no existing check settles it · 0.3% of the role's time · $165M
Confer with users to analyze, configure, or troubleshoot applications.
reason given most often: no existing check settles it · 0.3% of the role's time · $159M · waiting on a check
Write reports regarding investigations of information security breaches or network evaluations.
reason given most often: no existing check settles it, and a failure is too expensive · 0.3% of the role's time · $157M
Identify, standardize, and communicate levels of access and security.
reason given most often: nobody can tell quickly whether it worked, and no existing check settles it · 0.3% of the role's time · $155M
Provide training or technical assistance in Web site implementation or use.
reason given most often: no existing check settles it · 0.3% of the role's time · $149M · waiting on a check
Create visual representations of geospatial data, using complex procedures such as analytical modeling, three-dimensional renderings, or plot creation.
reason given most often: no existing check settles it · 0.3% of the role's time · $148M · waiting on a check
Document design specifications, installation instructions, and other system-related information.
reason given most often: no existing check settles it · 0.3% of the role's time · $148M · waiting on a check
Assist in the assessment, acquisition, or deployment of new electronic document management systems.
reason given most often: nobody can tell quickly whether it worked, and no existing check settles it · 0.3% of the role's time · $147M
Perform user testing or usage analyses to determine Web sites' effectiveness or usability.
reason given most often: nobody can tell quickly whether it worked, and no existing check settles it · 0.3% of the role's time · $146M
Identify or document backup or recovery plans.
reason given most often: no existing check settles it · 0.3% of the role's time · $143M
Back up or modify applications and related data to provide for disaster recovery.
reason given most often: a failure is too expensive · 0.3% of the role's time · $143M
Train system users in system operation or maintenance.
reason given most often: no existing check settles it · 0.3% of the role's time · $136M
Develop or document style guidelines for Web site content.
reason given most often: no existing check settles it · 0.3% of the role's time · $128M · waiting on a check
Document, design, code, or test Geographic Information Systems (GIS) models, internet mapping solutions, or other applications.
reason given most often: no existing check settles it · 0.2% of the role's time · $119M · passed by Claude Sonnet · the models disagreed
Prepare training materials for, or make presentations to, Geographic Information Systems (GIS) users.
reason given most often: no existing check settles it · 0.2% of the role's time · $119M
Check and analyze operating system or application log files regularly to verify proper system performance.
reason given most often: no existing check settles it · 0.2% of the role's time · $116M · passed by Claude Sonnet · the models disagreed
Develop or configure document management system features, such as user interfaces, access profiles, and document workflow procedures.
reason given most often: nobody can tell quickly whether it worked, and no existing check settles it · 0.2% of the role's time · $113M · passed by Gemini 3.1 Pro · the models disagreed
Test issues such as system integration, performance, and system security on a regular schedule or after any major program modifications.
reason given most often: a failure is too expensive · 0.2% of the role's time · $108M · passed by Claude Sonnet · the models disagreed
Administer internet or intranet infrastructure, including Web, file, and mail servers.
physical work, outside the screen · 0.2% of the role's time · $107M
Perform security analyses of developed or packaged software components.
reason given most often: nobody can tell quickly whether it worked, and no existing check settles it, and a failure is too expensive · 0.2% of the role's time · $106M
Implement Web site security measures, such as firewalls or message encryption.
reason given most often: a failure is too expensive · 0.2% of the role's time · $106M
Write, review, or execute plans for testing new or established document management systems.
reason given most often: nobody can tell quickly whether it worked · 0.2% of the role's time · $104M
Recommend Web site improvements, and develop budgets to support recommendations.
reason given most often: nobody can tell quickly whether it worked, and no existing check settles it · 0.2% of the role's time · $101M
Complete models and simulations, using manual or automated tools, to analyze or predict system performance under different operating conditions.
reason given most often: nobody can tell quickly whether it worked, and no existing check settles it · 0.2% of the role's time · $96.2M
Communicate project information through presentations, technical reports, or white papers.
reason given most often: no existing check settles it · 0.2% of the role's time · $94.8M · waiting on a check
Develop Web site performance metrics.
reason given most often: nobody can tell quickly whether it worked, and no existing check settles it · 0.2% of the role's time · $93.8M
Implement updates, upgrades, and patches in a timely manner to limit loss of service.
physical work, outside the screen · 0.2% of the role's time · $93.8M
Develop specialized computer software routines, internet-based Geographic Information Systems (GIS) databases, or business applications to customize geographic information.
reason given most often: nobody can tell quickly whether it worked, and no existing check settles it · 0.2% of the role's time · $91.7M · passed by Gemini 3.1 Pro · the models disagreed
Develop and implement marketing plans for home pages, including print advertising or advertisement rotation.
reason given most often: nobody can tell quickly whether it worked, and no existing check settles it · 0.2% of the role's time · $86.9M
Develop system engineering, software engineering, system integration, or distributed system architectures.
reason given most often: nobody can tell quickly whether it worked, and no existing check settles it, and a failure is too expensive · 0.2% of the role's time · $85.6M
Analyze, interpret, or disseminate system performance data.
reason given most often: no existing check settles it · 0.2% of the role's time · $85.2M · waiting on a check
Assist users in formulating Geographic Information Systems (GIS) requirements or understanding the implications of alternatives.
reason given most often: nobody can tell quickly whether it worked, and no existing check settles it · 0.2% of the role's time · $85.1M
Establish functional or system standards to address operational requirements, quality requirements, and design constraints.
reason given most often: nobody can tell quickly whether it worked, and no existing check settles it · 0.2% of the role's time · $84.0M
Design, program, or model Geographic Information Systems (GIS) applications or procedures.
reason given most often: nobody can tell quickly whether it worked, and no existing check settles it · 0.2% of the role's time · $83.9M · passed by Gemini 3.1 Pro · the models disagreed
Evaluate testing routines or procedures for adequacy, sufficiency, and effectiveness.
reason given most often: nobody can tell quickly whether it worked, and no existing check settles it · 0.2% of the role's time · $82.9M
Test new software packages for use in Web operations or other applications.
reason given most often: no existing check settles it · 0.2% of the role's time · $78.4M
Develop testing routines and procedures.
reason given most often: nobody can tell quickly whether it worked, and no existing check settles it · 0.1% of the role's time · $74.4M
Document installation or configuration procedures to allow maintenance and repetition.
reason given most often: no existing check settles it · 0.1% of the role's time · $74.3M
Make recommendations regarding upgrades, considering implications of new or revised Geographic Information Systems (GIS) software, equipment, or applications.
reason given most often: nobody can tell quickly whether it worked, and no existing check settles it · 0.1% of the role's time · $72.7M
Meet with clients to discuss topics such as technical specifications, customized solutions, or operational problems.
reason given most often: no existing check settles it · 0.1% of the role's time · $64.4M
Prepare support documentation and training materials for end users of document management systems.
reason given most often: no existing check settles it · 0.1% of the role's time · $62.4M
Evaluate or recommend server hardware or software.
reason given most often: nobody can tell quickly whether it worked, and no existing check settles it · 0.1% of the role's time · $62.2M
Develop or approve project plans, schedules, or budgets.
an accountable sign-off — stays with a person · 0.1% of the role's time · $62.2M
Install or configure Web server software or hardware to ensure that directory structure is well-defined, logical, and secure, and that files are named properly.
reason given most often: no existing check settles it, and a failure is too expensive · 0.1% of the role's time · $60.2M · passed by Claude Sonnet · the models disagreed
Develop application-specific software.
reason given most often: no existing check settles it · 0.1% of the role's time · $54.3M
Develop efficient and effective system controllers.
reason given most often: no existing check settles it · 0.1% of the role's time · $46.4M
Test backup or recovery plans regularly and resolve any problems.
reason given most often: a failure is too expensive · 0.1% of the role's time · $42.9M
Apply three-dimensional (3D) or four-dimensional (4D) technologies to geospatial data to allow for new or different analyses or applications.
reason given most often: nobody can tell quickly whether it worked, and no existing check settles it · 0.1% of the role's time · $40.3M
Where this role works
| Industry | Workers | Wage bill | Passes the screen | All three pass |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Federal Executive Branch (OEWS Designation) | 88,060 | $11.1B | $554M | $224M |
| Computer Systems Design and Related Services | 78,430 | $9.4B | $467M | $188M |
| Management of Companies and Enterprises | 25,660 | $3.5B | $173M | $69.8M |
| Management, Scientific, and Technical Consulting Services | 21,350 | $2.2B | $108M | $43.6M |
| Employment Services | 16,990 | $1.8B | $90.2M | $36.4M |
| Computing Infrastructure Providers, Data Processing, Web Hosting, and Related Services | 13,440 | $1.7B | $84.6M | $34.1M |
| Software Publishers | 10,700 | $1.5B | $76.4M | $30.8M |
| Architectural, Engineering, and Related Services | 10,870 | $1.3B | $63.6M | $25.7M |
| Credit Intermediation and Related Activities (5221 and 5223 only) | 9110 | $1.3B | $63.3M | $25.5M |
| Scientific Research and Development Services | 7760 | $1.0B | $50.7M | $20.5M |